Drug Recognition Expert (DRE) Program Analysis
FORENSIC SCIENCE The DRE Hoax Anatomy of a forensic illusion: why the “Drug Recognition Expert” evaluation looks like science, and why its own validation studies prove almost nothing. Analysis — Forensics Desk · 12 min read · Sources: Kane 2013, Heishman 1996, UMFC 2021 A police officer shines a penlight…
Kosecki PA, Brooke PJ, Raines ME. Lack of fermentation in antemortem blood samples stored unstoppered in various locations. J Forensic Sci. 2023
By ToxGIrl The Study That Proved Nothing: A Close Read of the “No Fermentation” Paper The Forensic Margin● Toxicology / Evidence Critical Read · Blood-Alcohol Science The Study That Proved Nothing A 2023 paper is increasingly cited to shut down “fermentation” defenses in DUI cases. Read closely, it answers a…
Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids
A Visual Forensic Guide to Ten Prevalent Compounds Pharmacokinetics, detection science, clinical profile, and litigation use for attorneys, judges, and forensic professionals By ToxGirl The legal point:AAS cases are rarely won or lost on the label “steroid.” They turn on compound identity, detection window, confirmation method, dose/timeline fit, and whether…
What the Largest U.S. Governtment’s Drugged-Driving Study Actually Found
When prosecutors, the press, or a juror’s intuition tell you that “drugs cause crashes,” there is one study they should be made to confront: the 2015 NHTSA case-control study by Richard Compton and Amy Berning, Drug and Alcohol Crash Risk (DOT HS 812 117). It remains the largest, most carefully…
The Kitagawa Balloon Test: What the Inventors and the Earliest Validators Already Knew
By Okorie Okorocha, J.D., M.S., M.S. The Kitagawa balloon test, more precisely the Kitagawa-Wright detector-tube method, issometimes treated in courtrooms and older case files as if it were a scientificallygrounded measurement of blood-alcohol concentration. It is not. The most strikingfeature of the historical record is that the people best positioned…
Why Don’t Microbes Ferment Blood in Living People?
Your veins are full of warm, sugary, nutrient-rich liquid. So why isn’t it bubbling like a beer vat? Here’s a thought that should keep you up at night: your body contains roughly five liters of warm, slightly salty, sugar-and-protein-rich liquid, kept at a steady 37°C. To a microbe, that sounds…
Eleven Scientists. Two Years. No Answers
Law · Science · Forensics The Okorocha Firm Est. El Segundo, CA Tuesday, May 13, 2026 · Opinion & Analysis · National Security Investigative Commentary Eleven Scientists.Two Years.No Answers. A string of deaths and disappearances among America’s most sensitive aerospace and nuclear researchers has triggered a federal investigation — and…
Stop & ID
The Okorocha Firm Law + Science = Forensics · Toxicolawgy.com Know Your Rights Do You Have to Show Police Your ID? Understanding Stop and Identify Laws Your obligation — or lack thereof — to identify yourself to law enforcement depends heavily on where you are and why you were stopped….
Crazy Laws About Sex
Unusual Statutes Governing Intimate Conduct and Personal Freedoms Kentucky & London, Ontario: Kentucky law purportedly prohibits a woman from appearing on a public highway in a bikini unless accompanied by two law enforcement officers or in possession of a defensive weapon. Separately, a municipal ordinance in London, Ontario, is said…
BAC Impaired Driving Statutes
BAC presumption statutes that codify evidentiary presumptions tied to the 0.05% BAC threshold What These Statutes Govern These are chemical test evidentiary presumption statutes—not per se offense statutes (though the two often coexist). They govern what a jury or fact-finder is presumed to conclude based solely on a defendant’s BAC…
Lack of Correlation Between Urine Drug Levels, Blood Drug Levels, and Impairment
Lack of Correlation Between Urine Drug Levels, Blood Drug Levels, and Impairment Introduction In objectively quantifying drug-induced impairment, there is critical distinction between mere presence of a substance and its psychoactive effect on an individual’s functional capacity (Compton et al., 2009). Specifically, while drug concentrations in biological samples can confirm…
